Pottery is one of the oldest forms of handicrafts in India. What sets it apart is that it is a piece of art that is beautiful to look at, whereas most pieces of pottery have practical uses in day-to-day life. It is due to this that pottery has become synonymous with Indian culture.
History of Indian Pottery
The history of Indian pottery dates back to the Indus Valley Civilisation, where people created both functional and decorative clay items. Over time, different regions of India developed their own unique styles and techniques, making pottery not just a household utility but also a symbol of tradition and artistry.
From terracotta figurines to ceremonial vessels, pottery in India has always reflected the lifestyle, beliefs, and craftsmanship of its people.
Traditional Pottery in India
Traditional pottery in India is still widely practised in rural areas, where artisans create earthenware using techniques passed down through generations. The simplicity of hand-moulded clay pots, combined with natural colours and designs, reflects the deep connection between pottery and Indian culture.
While modern ceramic and metal cookware have taken over urban kitchens, traditional terracotta pots remain popular for their health and environmental benefits.
Benefits of using Indian pottery
Pottery can be of various types. Basic categorisation includes glazed and unglazed types. Based upon the regions they are found in:
• Pokhran is found in Rajasthan
• Kagzi is from Kutch
• Unglazed pottery from Birbhum, Bengal
• Blue pottery from Jaipur
• Black pottery from UP
They are unique and well-loved for various reasons by people nationwide. These types of pottery in India showcase the diversity and richness of our craft heritage. Each region has its own distinct techniques and motifs, making them valuable both for utility and for collectors of Indian pottery art.
The most common use of pottery is in cooking. Unglazed pottery, especially that made of terracotta, offers many benefits.
Beneficial to Heart Health
Cooking with too much oil can lead to problems with the heart and liver. Food retains more moisture and natural oils thanks to the slow cooking method and the longer time it takes to cook in these.
Preserves Nutritional Value
Earthen pots keep heat and moisture in. The heat is well distributed throughout the food and helps keep the food's nutritional value. When dealing with meat in an earthenware pot or pan, the meat takes on a softer, more tender texture.
Food is kept safe and healthy
Less oil is required when using terracotta pots and pans. Due to the mild treatment during cooking, the food stays flavorful and relatively healthy.
Safe for the Environment
Compared to metal cookware, terracotta has less carbon footprint, so it is considered environmentally friendly. Moreover, they are biodegradable!
Easy on the pocket
Even in outlying areas of the country, terracotta pots and pans are widely available. They are available in many sizes and shapes and are much more affordable than their stainless steel or hard anodised aluminium counterparts.
Types of Indian Ceramics
Apart from pottery, India is also known for its rich variety of ceramics. Types of Indian ceramics range from terracotta and stoneware to porcelain and glazed ceramics. While terracotta is deeply rooted in rural traditions, glazed ceramics are more refined and urban-centric, used for both decorative and everyday utility purposes.
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